Peer-reviewed study generated by invitrolize, in collaboration with BASF and Evonik, applying the patented ALIsens® human 3D in vitro alveolar model to assess respiratory sensitisation potential under human-relevant exposure conditions.
Peer-reviewed study generated by invitrolize, in collaboration with BASF and Evonik, applying the patented ALIsens® human 3D in vitro alveolar model to assess respiratory sensitisation potential under human-relevant exposure conditions.
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is widely used in industrial, medical, and dental applications
Regulatory uncertainty persists due to unreliable human data and legacy test methods
No validated tools have been available to identify respiratory sensitisation
Critical need to distinguish irritation from true immune-mediated sensitisation
This study closes that gap using a human-relevant, mechanistic in vitro approach
MMA did not induce molecular or cellular signatures of respiratory sensitisation
No activation of immune markers associated with AOP #39
Transient stress responses at high doses were clearly separable from sensitisation
Clear differentiation from known respiratory sensitizers
Conclusion: MMA should not be classified as a respiratory sensitizer.
Human 3D in vitro reconstruction of the alveolar–capillary barrier
Integrated epithelial, endothelial, and immune-relevant cell types
Realistic air–liquid interface exposure
Clear discrimination between irritation and sensitisation
Designed for regulatory relevance and animal-free safety assessment
Access the full paper and review the scientific approach, validation process and results in detail.
Intended for professionals and research teams working in regulated environments.